About the SAT Patent

FairFlow Technologies has the mission to create technologies that makes the Internet (or any IP Network) "flow" better.

The current Internet does not have any means to guarantee the transport quality of IP traffic. There are some Internet Providers that have better engineered networks and can provide a better transport quality than others, but that is still not a guarantee -- even in these high-quality networks there can be bad transport service, and that is when there is more traffic supply than the network can handle.

The current Internet Protocol (IP) is designed to "just drop" excess traffic when there is more traffic on a specific link can handle. Routers are the devices that make this decision.

The current TCP protocol (most traffic is TCP, which runs on top of the IP protocol, so therefor this protocol stack is often called TCP/IP) is designed to retransmit any packets that are lost (which also introduces an extra end-to-end delay), and 'signal' to the sender to slow down (lower the bytes per second transmission rate). Although this TCP "flow-control" mechanism does improve system-wide transport quality (less packet-loss), and to some extend it improves the fairness (so that all TCP-senders get more-or-less an equal share of the total available bandwidth), this mechanism cannot guarantee transport quality of individual hosts or services (your browser or video-call traffic is each one service running on your PC, Laptop or Phone, which we call "host" in Data-Networking).

So, this problem to solve, where we want to guarantee the transport quality of individual services, across a network (the Internet is really a "network of interconnected networks") – how can we do this ?
We first need to define "Transport Requirements" or TR, before we can talk about "Transport Quality" or TQ of the network that carries the traffic.

Our (simplest yet comprehensive) definition of TR is a vector of 3 values:

• Speed
  in traffic-volume per second, usually kBps (kilobytes per second), MBps (megabytes per second) or GBps (gigabytes per second).
• Packet-loss
  in percents, typically in the lower range, like: 1%, 0.1% or 0.01% (=10E-4) etc.
• Delay
  in seconds, milliseconds or microseconds (usually delay means "round-trip delay", so the time of packet from sender-to-receiver, and back. One-way delay we call "latency")

A large file download might have TR = (10Mbps, 1%, 100ms)
While a video-call session might need TR = (450kBps, 0,01%, 20ms).

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Patent title: “Distributing and aggregating resource data in a network” Our internal project name: “Source Aggregation Tree, SAT” https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2017186720A1/en